Titarenko Yu.E., Batyaev V.F., Titarenko A.Yu., Zhivun V.M.
Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), Moscow, Russia
The work presents the results of experimental determining the threshold reaction rates in 79 209Bi, natPb, 197Au, 181Ta, 169Tm, natIn, 93Nb, 64Zn, 65Cu, 63Cu, 59Co, 19F and 12C samples and in 127 27Al samples. The samples are
arranged along the proton beam axis inside and outside the collapsible 920-mm thick Pb target of
50-mm diameter. The target is assembled of 23 40-mm thick discs.
The samples are placed at 12 points on odd target discs to reproduce the longitudinal distributions
of protons and neutrons along the target axis. The target was exposed for 18 hours to 800 MeV
proton beam from the ITEP U-10 accelerator. The proton fluence and the proton beam shape are
determined using 27Al(p,x)22Na and 27Al(p,x)7Be monitor reactions which were measured in three
Al monitors. One of the monitors of 169.6-mm diameter is cut into 36 fragments to conform to the 27Al(p,x)7Be monitor reaction cross section. In all, (6.0±0.5)·1015 protons hit the target.
The reaction rates are determined by direct γ-spectrometry techniques. The measurements are
made using a GC-2518 detector of 1.8 keV resolution and a DGDK-60V detector of 2.9 keV
resolution in 60Co 1332 keV 60Co γ-line. The γ-lines measured are processed by the GENIE2000
code system. In all, 1196 γ-spectra have been measured and processed, and about 2467 reaction
rates determined (monitor reactions included).
The results obtained will be used to verify the transport codes and the databases used to design the
Pb target units for ADS facilities.
1. S. Subbotine, P. Alekseev, V. Ignatiev, S. Konakov, L. Menshikov, N. Ponomarev Stepnoi, V.
Prusakov, V. Stukalov, Harmonization of Fuel Cycles for Long-range and Wide-scale Nuclear
Energy System, Proc. of Global 1995 International Symposium, Versailles, France, September,
v.1, 1995, p. 199-206.
2. Accelerator-driven Systems (ADS) and Fast Reactors (FR) in Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycles. A
Comparative Study, NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY, NEA-3109 (2002).
https://www.oecd-nea.org/ndd/reports/2002/nea3109-ads.pdf.
3. Y. Ikeda, Nuclear Data Relevant to Accelerator Driven Systems, Journal of Nuclear Science and
Technology, Supplement 2, p. 13-18 (August 2002).
4. M. BLANN, H. GRUPPELAR, P. NAGEL, and J. RODENS, International Code Comparison
for Intermediate Energy Nuclear Data, NEA OECD, Paris (1994); R. MICHEL and P. NAGEL,
International Codes and Model Intercomparison for Intermediate Energy Activation Yields,
NSC/DOC(97)-1, NEA/P/&T No 14, OECD, Paris (1997).
5. Yu.E. Titarenko, V.F. Batyaev, E.I. Karpikhin, V.M. Zhivun, A.B. Koldobsky, R.D.
Mulambetov, S.V. Mulambetova, V.E. Luckjashin, K.A. Lipatov, S.G. Mashnik, R.E. Prael.
Threshold Activation Reaction and Absorption Dose Rates Inside and on the Surface of a Thick
W-Na Target Irradiated with 0.8 GeV Protons. // Imbedded topical AccApp’03 (Nuclear
Applications of Accelerator Technology) 2003 Annual Meeting of the American Nuclear
Society (ANS) in San Diego, 1-5 June 2003, California, USA, ANS Proceedings, pp. 1307-
1310;
Alexander B. Koldobsky, Ruslan D. Mulambetov, Svetlana V. Mulambetova, Yury V.
Trebukhovsky, Sergey L. Zaitsev, Konstantin A. Lipatov, Stepan G. Mashnik, Richard E. Prael.
Verification of MENDL2 and IEAF-2001 Data Bases at Intermediate Energies. // International
Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology (ND2004), September 26-October 1,
236
2004, Santa Fe, NM, USA. American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings, volume 769,
Melville, New York, 2005, edited by R.C. Haight et al., pp. 535-538.
6. Yu. E. Titarenko, V. F. Batyaev, A. Yu. Titarenko, M. A. Butko, K. V. Pavlov, R. S. Tikhonov,
S. N. Florya, S. G. Mashnik, W. Gudowski, High-energy threshold reaction rates on 0.8 GeV
proton radiated thick Pb-target, Proc of Int. Conf. “Nuclear Data for science
and Technology (ND2007)”, April 21–27, 2007, Nice, France, pp.1209-1212.
Yu. E. Titarenko, V. F. Batyaev, A. Yu. Titarenko, M. A. Butko, K. V. Pavlov, R. S. Tikhonov,
S. N. Florya, S. G. Mashnik, W. Gudowski, Rates of High Energy Threshold Reactions on
Extended Lead target induced by 0.8 GeV protons, NUFRA2007 International Conference on
Nuclear Fragmentation From Basic Research to Applications, September 24 - October 1, 2007,
Kemer (Antalya), Turkey.
7. Yu.V. Trebukhovsky, Yu.E. Titarenko, V.F. Batyaev, E.I. Karpikhin, R.D. Mulambetov, S.V.
Mulambetova, G.N. Smirnov, K.A. Lipatov, A.B. Koldobsky, V.M. Zhivun, V.S. Barashenkov,
H. Kumavat, S.G. Mashnik, and R.E. Prael. Double-Differential Cross Sections for the
Production of Neutrons from Pb, W, Zr, Cu, and Al Targets Irradiated with 0.8, 1.0, and 1.6-
GeV Protons. // Physics of Atomic Nuclei, Vol. 68, No. 1, 2005, pp. 3-15.
8. Yu.E. Titarenko, V.F. Batyaev, V.M. Zhivun, A.B. Koldobsky, Yu.V. Trebukhovsky, E.I.
Karpikhin, R.D. Mulambetov, S.V. Mulambetova, Yu.V. Nekrasov, A.Yu. Titarenko, K.A.
Lipatov, B.Yu. Sharkov, A.A. Golubev, A.D Fertman, V.I Turtikov, A.V. Kantsyrev, I.V
Roudskoy, G.N. Smirnov, V. S. Barashenkov, K.K. Gudima, M.I. Baznat, S.G. Mashnik, R.E.
Prael. Nuclide Production Cross Sections for 59Co and natCu Irradiated with 0.2 GeV and 2.6
GeV Protons and 0.2 GeV/Nucleon Carbon Ions. // Imbedded topical AccApp’03 (Nuclear
Applications of Accelerator Technology) 2003 Annual Meeting of the American Nuclear
Society (ANS) in San Diego, 1-5 June 2003, California, USA, ANS Proceedings, pp. 535-538.
9. Yu.E. Titarenko, V.F. Batyaev, E.I. Karpikhin, R.D. Mulambetov, V.M. Zhivun, A.V. Ignatyuk,
V.P. Lunev, N.N. Titarenko, Yu.N. Shubin, V.S. Barashenkov, S.V. Mulambetova, K.A.
Lipatov, A.V. Belkin, N.N. Alexeev, V.A. Schegolev, Yu.M. Goryachev, V.O. Kudryashov:
"Experimental and theoretical studies of the yields of residual product nuclei produced in thin
Pb and Bi targets irradiated by 40-2600 MeV protons", Final Technical Report on the ISTC
Project #2002, 2005; http://www.nea.fr/html/science/egsaatif/ISTC2002-final-report.pdf.
10. E.Storm, H.I. Israel. Photon cross section from 1 keV to 100 MeV for elements Z=1 to Z=100.
11. R.B. Firestone, in: Table of Isotope, 8th ed.: 1998 Update (with CD ROM) edited by S.Y. Frank
Chu (CD ROM Ed.), C.M. Baglim (Ed.) (Wiley Interscince, New York, 1996).
12. Giredmet Testin Analytical Center. Test Analytical and Certification Center Giredmet. Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry. Impurity Composition Test Report №14263.07 - 2007 г.
13. Giredmet Testin Analytical Center. Test Analytical and Certification Center Giredmet. Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry. Impurity Composition Test Report
№14269.07 - 2007 г.
14. Alfa Aesar. Certificate of Analysis. Stock number: 40761. Lot number: G10d32 – 2006 г.
15. Giredmet Testin Analytical Center. Test Analytical and Certification Center Giredmet. Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry. Impurity Composition Test Report
№14264.07 - 2007 г.
16. Giredmet Testin Analytical Center. Test Analytical and Certification Center Giredmet. Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry. Impurity Composition Test Report
№14267.07 - 2007 г.
17. Giredmet Testin Analytical Center. Test Analytical and Certification Center Giredmet. Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry. Impurity Composition Test Report
№14262.07 - 2007 г.
18. Giredmet Testin Analytical Center. Test Analytical and Certification Center Giredmet. Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry. Impurity Composition Test Report
№14266.07 - 2007 г.
237
19. Giredmet Testin Analytical Center. Test Analytical and Certification Center Giredmet. Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry. Impurity Composition Test Report
№14265.07 - 2007 г.
20. Giredmet Testin Analytical Center. Test Analytical and Certification Center Giredmet. Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry. Impurity Composition Test Report
№7336.99 - 1999 г.
21. Giredmet Testin Analytical Center. Test Analytical and Certification Center Giredmet. Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry. Impurity Composition Test Report
№7333.99 - 1999 г.
22. State Fund of Stable Isotopes. Characteristics of isotopically enriched product. Passport 90 – 1988 г.
23. State Fund of Stable Isotopes. Characteristics of isotopically enriched product. Passport 135 – 1988 г.
24. State Fund of Stable Isotopes. Characteristics of isotopically enriched product. Passport 197 – 1988 г.
25. Alfa Aesar. Certificate of Analysis. Stock number: 40182. Lot number: D01P18. – 2006 г.
26. Passport № 02080, 7У634. All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Physical-Technical and Radiotechnical Measurements.
27. J. Tobailem and C.H. de Lassus CEA-N-1466(1)1975; J. Tobailem and C.H. de Lassus CEA-N-
1466(5)1981.
28. R.R. Kinsey, et al., Proc.9th Int. Symp. Of Capture Gamma Ray Spectroscopy and Related
Topics, 8-12 October 1996, Budapest, Hungry.