Authors & Affiliations
Smirnov A.N., Prokoshin A.M.
V.G. Khlopin Radium Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
Abstract
Up-to date status of the experimental database on the nucleon-induced fission cross sections of heavy nuclei in the intermediate energy range (from ~20 to ~1000 MeV) is presented on the EXFOR data of the end of 2015. The relevance of these data is linked in particular to the development of new technologies with the use of accelerator-driven systems for energy production and transmutation. The general patterns are discussed by comparing the neutron- and proton-induced fission cross sections for proton energies above the Coulomb barrier Empirical dependences of the fission cross sections on the nucleon energy and the parameters of the composite systems “projectile + target nucleus” are derived.
Keywords
Proton-induced fission cross section, neutron-induced fission cross section, intermediate energies, actinides, subactinides, composite systems, empirical systematics
Article Text (PDF, in Russian)
1. Bowman C.D., Arthur E.D., Lisowski P.W., Lawrence G.P., Jensen R.J., Anderson J.L., Blind B., Cappiello M., Davidson J.W., England T.R., Engel L.N., Haight R.C., Hughes III H.G., Ireland J.R., Krakowski R.A., LaBauve R.J., Letellier B.C., Perry R.T., Russell G.J., Staudhammer K.P., Versamis G., Wilson W.B. Nuclear energy generation and waste transmutation using an accelerator-driven intense thermal neutron source. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in physics Research, 1992, vol.A320, no.1-2, pp.336-367.
2. Prokofiev A.V. Compilation and systematics of proton-induced fission cross-section data. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, 2001, vol.A463, no.3, pp.557–575.
3. Kotov A.A., Vaishnene L.A., Vovchenko V.G., Gavrikov Yu.A., Poliakov V.V., Tverskoy M.G., Fedorov O.Ya., Chestnov Yu.A., Shchetkovskiy A.I., Shvedchikov A.V., Doroshenko A.Yu., Fukahori T. Energy dependence of proton induced fission cross sections for heavy nuclei in the energy range 200-1000 MeV. Physical Review C, 2006, vol.74, no.3, pp.034605.
4. Yurevich V.I., Nikolaev V.A., Yakovlev R.M., Sosnin A.N. Secheniya deleniya yader 209Bi,232Th, 235U, 238U i 237Np protonami i deytronami promezhutochnykh energiy [Cross sections for 209Bi, 232Th, 235U, 238U and 237Np fission induced by intermediate energy protons and deuterons.] Yadernaya fizika – Physics of Atomic Nuclei, 2002, vol.65, p.1417;
Yurevich V.I., Nikolaev V.A., Yakovlev R.M., Sosnin A.N. Cross sections for 209Bi, 232Th, 235U, 238U and 237Np fission induced by intermediate energy protons and deuterons. Physics of Atomic Nuclei, 2002, vol.65, p.1383.
5. Isaev S., Prieels R., Keutgen Th., van Mol J., El Masri Y., Demetriou P. Proton-induced fission on actinide nuclei at energies 27 and 63 MeV. Nuclear Physics, Section A, 2008, vol.809, p.1.
6. Eismont V.P., Smirnov A.N., Filatov N.P., Kirillov S.N., Blomgren J., Condй H., Olsson N., Duijvestijn M., Koning A. Correlation of Intermediate Energy Proton- and Neutron-Induced Fission Cross-section in the Lead-Bismuth Region. Proc. Int. Conf. on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology. Santa Fe, 2004; AIP Conf. Proc. 2005, vol.769, pp.780-783.
7. Smirnov A.N., Batenkov O.I., Eismont V.P., Filatov N.P., Blomgren J., Conde H., Prokofiev A.V., Mashnik S.G. Nucleon-induced fission cross-sections of tantalum and separated tungsten isotopes and “compound nucleus” effect in intermediate-energy nucleon-induced fission. Proc. Int. Conf. on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, Nice, 2007, p.1095. doi: 10.1051/ndata:07483.
8. Vaishnene L.A., Vovchenko V.G., Gavrikov Yu.A., Murzin V.I., Poliakov V.V., Tverskoi M.G., Fedorov O.Ya., Chestnov Yu.A., Shvedchikov A.V., Shchetkovskii A.I. Novye approksimatsii energeticheskikh zavisimostey polnykh secheniy deleniya yader 197Au, 203Tl, estPb i 209Bi protonami [New Approximations to the energy dependences of the total cross sections for the proton-induced fission of 197Au, 203Tl, natPb and 209Bi nuclei]. Yadernaya fizika – Physics of Atomic Nuclei, 2011, vol.74, no.1, p.114.
Vaishnene L.A., Vovchenko V.G., Gavrikov Yu.A., Murzin V.I., Poliakov V.V., Tverskoi M.G., Fedorov O.Ya., Chestnov Yu.A., Shvedchikov A.V., Shchetkovskii A.I. New Approximations to the energy dependences of the total cross sections for the proton-induced fission of 197Au, 203Tl, natPb and 209Bi nuclei. Physics of Atomic Nuclei, 2011, vol.74, no.1, p.115.
9. Vaishnene L.A., Vovchenko V.G., Gavrikov Yu.A., Kotov A.A., Murzin V.I., Poliakov V.V., Tverskoy M.G., Fedorov O.Ya., Chestnov Yu.A., Shvedchikov A.V., Shchetkovskii A.I. Izotopicheskiy effekt v energeticheskikh zavisimostyakh polnykh secheniy deleniya yader svintsa i 209Bi protonami s energiey do 1GeV [Isotopic effect in the energy dependence of the total fission cross section of lead and 209Bi nuclei for protons with energies up to 1 GeV.] Izvestiya Rossiyskoy Akademii Nauk: Seriya Fizicheskaya – Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics, 2010, vol.74, no.4, p.529.
Vaishnene L.A., Vovchenko V.G., Gavrikov Yu.A., Kotov A.A., Murzin V.I., Poliakov V.V., Tverskoy M.G., Fedorov O.Ya., Chestnov Yu.A., Shvedchikov A.V., Shchetkovskii A.I. Isotopic effect in the energy dependence of the total fission cross section of lead and 209Bi nuclei for protons with energies up to 1 GeV. Bull. Russian Academy of Sciences – Physics, 2010, vol.74, p.496.
10. Yurevich V.I., Nikolaev V.A., Yakovlev R.M., Vorobiev I.B. Sechenie deleniya 181Ta protonami v oblasti energiy 200-1000 MeV [Fission cross section of 181Ta for protons in the energy range 200-1000 MeV]. Pis'ma v EChAYa – PEPAN Letters, 2005, vol.2, no.1(124), pp.49-52;
Yurevich V.I., Nikolaev V.A., Yakovlev R.M., Vorobiev I.B. Fission cross section of 181Ta for protons in the energy range 200-1000 MeV. Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters, 2005, vol.2, p.29.
11. Zamani M., Stoulos S., Fragopoulou M., Krivopustov M. High-energy fission cross sections induced by deuterons on 232Th and protons on natPb targets. Physical Review C, 2013, vol.87, p.067602.
12. Smirnov A.N., Eismont V.P., Filatov N.P., Blomgren J., Condй H., Olsson N., Prokofiev A.V., Renberg P.-U. Measurements of neutron-induced fission cross sections for 209Bi, natPb, 208Pb, 197Au, natW, and 81Ta in the intermediate energy region. Physical Review C, 2004, vol.70, p.054603.
13. Kelly E.L., Wiegand C. Fission of Elements from Pt to Bi by High Energy Neutrons. Physical Review, 1948, vol.73, p.1135.
14. Dzhelepov V.P., Golovin B.M., Kazarinov Yu.M. Delenie Th, Bi, Re, W, Ta, Er i Dy neytronami s energiey 120 MeV [Th, Bi, Re, W, Ta, Er and Dy fission by neutrons with energy of 120 MeV]. Materialy nauchno-issledovatel'skikh rabot, vypolnennykh na sinkhrotsiklotrone IYaP AN SSSR v 1-y polovine 1950g. [Materials research works carried out on Synchrocyclotron INP USSR Academy of Sciences in the 1st half of 1950]. Dubna, 1950, pp.73-76 (B1-1542);
Reut A.A., Selivanov G.I., Yur'ev V.V. Izmerenie otnositel'nogo vykhoda deleniya Bi, Pb, Tl, Au, W, Ba [Measurement of the relative fission output for Bi, Pb, Tl, Au, W, Ba nuclei]. Materialy nauchnoissledovatel'skikh rabot, vypolnennykh na sinkhrotsiklotrone IYaP AN SSSR v 1-y polovine 1950 g. [Materials research works carried out on Synchrocyclotron INP USSR Academy of Sciences in the 1st half of 1950]. Dubna, 1950, p.76-77 (B1-1542).
15. Goldanskiy V.I., Tarumov E.Z., Penkina V.S. Delenie tyazhelykh yader neytronami vysokoy energii [Heavy nuclei fission by the high energy neutrons]. Zhurnal Eksperimental'noy i Teoreticheskoy Fiziki – Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, 1955, vol.29, p.778.
Goldanskiy V.I., Tarumov E.Z., Penkina V.S. Heavy nuclei fission by the high energy neutrons. Doklady Akademii Nauk, 1955, vol.101, p.1027.
16. Rapaport J., Ullmann J., Nelson R.O., Seestrom-Morris S., Wender S.A., Haight R.C. Preliminary measurement of the 235U(n,f) cross section up to 750 MeV. Los Alamos Scientific Lab. Reports, 1987, Vol. MS, no.11078, p.1.
17. Carlson A., Chiba S., Hambsch F., Olsson N., Smirnov A. Update To Nuclear Data Standards For Nuclear Measurements. IAEA, Vienna, 1997, INDC(NDS)-0368.
18. Lisowski P.W., Gavron A., Parker W.E., Ullmann J.L., Balestrini S.J., Carlson A.D., Wasson O.A., Hill N.W. Fission cross sections in the intermediate energy region. Nucl. En. Agency Nucl. Data Committee reports, 1991, no.305, p.177.
19. Lisowski P.W., Ullman J.L., Balestrini S.J., Carlson A.D., Wasson O.A., Hill N.W. Neutron induced fission cross section ratios for 232Th, 235U, 238U, 237Np and239Pu from 1 to 400 MeV. Proc. Conf. on Nucl. Data For Sci. and Technol. Mito, 1988, p.97.
20. Staples P., Morley K. Neutron-Induced Fission Cross Section Ratios for 239Pu, 240Pu, 242Pu, and 244Pu Relative to 235U from 0.5 to 400 MeV. Nuclear Science and Engineering, 1998, vol.129, p.149.
21. Tovesson F., Hill T.S. Neutron induced fission cross section of 237Np from 100 keV to 200 MeV. Physical Review C, 2007, vol.75, p.034610.
22. Tovesson F., Hill T.S., Mocko M., Baker J.D., Mcgrath C.A. Neutron induced fission of 240,242Pu from 1 eV to 200 MeV. Physical Review C, 2009, vol.79, p.014613.
23. Tovesson F., Hill T.S. Cross sections for 239Pu(n,f) and 241Pu(n,f) in the range En=0.01 eV to 200 MeV. Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2010, vol.165, p.224.
24. Tovesson F., Laptev A., Hill T.S. Fast Neutron-Induced Fission Cross Sections of 233, 234, 236, 238U up to 200 MeV. Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2014, vol.178, p.57.
25. Shcherbakov O.A., Donets A.Yu., Evdokimov A.V., Fomichev A.V., Fukahori T., Hasegawa A., Laptev A.B., Maslov V.M., Petrov G.A., Tuboltsev Yu.V., Vorobiev A.S. Neutron-induced Fission of 233U, 238U, 232Th, 239Pu, 237Np, natPb and 209Bi relative to 235U in the Energy Range 1-200 MeV. Proc. 9th Int. conf. "ISINN-9". Dubna, 2001, p.257.
26. Laptev A.B., Donets A.Yu., Dushin V.N., Fomichev A.V., Fomichev A.A., Haight R.C., Shcherbakov O.A., Soloviev S.M., Tuboltsev Yu.V., Vorobiev A.S., Haight R.C., Carlson A.D. Neutron-Induced Fission Cross Sections of 240Pu, 243Am, and natW in the Energy Range 1-200 MeV. Conf. Fiss. Proc. Neutron-Rich Nucl. Sanibel Island, 2007, p.462.
27. Paradela C., Tassan-Got L., Audouin L., Berthier B., Duran I., Ferrant L., Isaev S., Le Naour C., Stephan C., Tarrio D., Trubert D., Abbondanno U., Aerts G., Alvarez H., Alvarez-Velarde F., Andriamonje S., Andrzejewski J., Assimakopoulos P., Badurek G., Baumann P., Becvar F., Berthoumieux E., Calvino F., Calviani M., Cano-Ott D., Capote R., Carrapico C., Cennini P., Chepel V., Chiaveri E., Colonna N., Cortes G., Couture A., Cox J., Dahlfors M., David S., Dillmann I., Domingo-Pardo C., Dridi W., Eleftheriadis C., Embid-Segura M., Ferrari A., Ferreira-Marques R., Fujii K., Furman W., Goncalves I., Gonzalez-Romero E., Gramegna F., Guerrero C., Gunsing F., Haas B., Haight R., Heil M., Herrera-Martinez A., Igashira M., Jericha E., Kadi Y., Kappeler F., Karadimos D., Karamanis D., Kerveno M., Koehler P., Kossionides E., Krticka M., Lampoudis C., Leeb H., Lindote A., Lopes I., Lozano M., Lukic S., Marganiec J., Marrone S., Martinez T., Massimi C., Mastinu P., Mengoni A., Milazzo P.M., Moreau C., Mosconi M., Neves F., Oberhummer H., O'Brien S., Oshima M., Pancin J., Papachristodoulou C., Papadopoulos C., Patronis N., Pavlik A., Pavlopoulos P., Perrot L., Pigni M.T., Plag R., Plompen A., Plukis A., Poch A., Praena J., Pretel C., Quesada J., Rauscher T., Reifarth R., Rubbia C., Rudolf G., Rullhusen P., Salgado J., Santos C., Sarchiapone L., Savvidis I., Tagliente G., Tain J.L., Tavora L., Terlizzi R., Vannini G., Vaz P., Ventura A., Villamarin D., Vincente M.C., Vlachoudis V., Vlastou R., Voss F., Walter S., Wiescher M., Wisshak K. Neutron-induced fission cross section of 234U and 237Np measured at the CERN Neutron Time-of-Flight (nTOF) facility. Physical Review C, 2010, vol.82, p.034601.
28. Fukahori T., Konobeyev A.Yu. JENDL/HE-2007, MATERIAL 9228.
29. Eismont V.P., Prokofyev A.V., Smirnov A.N., Elmgren K., Blomgren J., Conde H., Nilsson J., Olsson N., Ronnqvist T., Traneus E. Relative and absolute neutron-induced fission cross sections of 208Pb, 209Bi and 238U in the intermediate energy region. Physical Review C, 1996, vol.53, p.2911.
30. Nolte R., Allie M.S., Brooks F.D., Buffler A., Dangendorf V., Meulders J.P., Schuhmacher H., Smit F.D., Weierganz M., Roettger S. Cross Sections for Neutron-Induced Fission of 235U,238U, 209Bi, and natPb in the Energy Range from 33 to 200 MeV Measured Relative to n-p Scattering. Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2007, vol.156, p.197.
31. Vorotnikov P.E. Secheniya deleniya neytronomi yader zolotai platiny [Neutron fission cross-sections of gold and platinum nuclei]. Yadernaya fizika – Physics of Atomic Nuclei, 1988, vol.47, no.6, p.1812.
Vorotnikov P.E. Neutron fission cross-sections of gold and platinum nuclei. Soviet Journal of Nuclear Physics, 1988, vol.47, no.6, p.1147.
32. Vorotnikov P.E., Larionov L.S. Secheniya deleniya neytronami yader vismuta i svintsa [Neutron fission cross-section for Bi and Pb nuclei]. Yadernaya fizika – Physics of Atomic Nuclei, 1984, vol.40, no.4, p.867.
Vorotnikov P.E., Larionov L.S. Neutron fission cross-section for Bi and Pb nuclei. Soviet Journal of Nuclear Physics, 1984, vol.40, no.4, p.867.
33. Staples P., Lisowski P.W., Hill N.W. Fission cross section ratios of natPb and 209Bi relative to 235U for neutron energies from threshold to 400 MeV. Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 1995, vol.40, p.962.
34. Tarrio D., Tassan-Got L., Audouin L., Berthier B., Duran I., Ferrant L., Isaev S., Le Naour C., Paradela C., Stephan C., Trubert D., Abbondanno U., Aerts G., Alvarez-Velarde F., Andriamonje S., Andrzejewski J., Assimakopoulos P., Badurek G., Baumann P., Beczvarz F., Belloni F., Berthoumieux E., Calvino F., Calviani M., Calviani M., Cano-Ott D., Capote R., Carrapico C., Carrillo de Albornoz A., Cennini P., Chepel V., Chiaveri E., Colonna N., Cortes G., Couture A., Cox J., Dahlfors M., David S., Dillmann I., Dolfini R., Domingo-Pardo C., Dridi W., Eleftheriadis C., Embid-Segura M., Ferrari A., Ferreira-Marques R., Fitzpatrick L., Frais-Koelbl H., Fujii K., Furman W., Goncalves I., GonzalezRomero E., Goverdovski A., Gramegna F., Griesmayer E., Guerrero C., Gunsing F., Haas B., Haight R., Heil M., Herrera-Martinez A., Igashira M., Jericha E., Kadi Y., Kaeppeler F., Karadimos D., Karamanis D., Kerveno M., Ketlerov V., Koehler P., Konovalov V., Kossionides E., Krticka M., Lampoudis C., Leeb H., Lederer C., Lindote A., Lopes I., Losito R., Lozano M., Lukic S., Marganiec J., Marques L., Marrone S., Martinez T., Massimi C., Mastinu P., Mendoza E., Mengoni A., Milazzo P.M., Moreau C., Mosconi M., Neves F., Oberhummer H., O-Brien S., Oshima M., Pancin J., Papachristodoulou C., Papadopoulos C., Patronis N., Pavlik A., Pavlopoulos P., Perrot L., Pigni M.T., Plag R., Plompen A., Plukis A., Poch A., Praena J., Pretel C., Quesada J., Rauscher T., Reifarth R., Rosetti M., Rubbia C., Rudolf G., Rullhusen P., Salgado J., Santos C., Sarchiapone L., Sarmento R., Savvidis I., Tagliente G., Tain J.L., Tavora L., Terlizzi R., Vannini G., Vaz P., Ventura A., Villamarin D., Vlachoudis V., Vlastou R., Voss F., Walter S., Wendler H., Wiescher M., Wisshak K. Neutron-induced fission cross section of natPb and 209Bi from threshold to 1 GeV: An improved Parametrization. Physical Review C, 2011, vol.83, p.044620.
35. Ryzhov I.V., Tutin G.A., Eismont V.P., Mitryuhin A.G., Oplavin V.S., Soloviev S.M., Blomgren J., Renberg P.-U., Meulders J.-P., El-Masri Y., Keutgen T., Prieels R., Nolte R. Measurements of neutroninduced fission cross-sections of 205Tl, 204,206,207,208Pb and 209Bi with a multi-section Frisch-gridded ionization chamber. Nucl. Instrum. Methods in Physics Res., Sect.A, 2006, vol.562, p.439.
36. Marcinkevicius B., Simakov S., Pronyaev. V. 209Bi(n,f) and natPb(n,f) Cross Sections as a New Reference and Extension of the 235U, 238U and 239Pu(n,f) Standards up to 1 GeV. INDC(NDS)-0681. Available at: www-nds.iaea.org/standards (accessed 25.12.2015).
37. Eismont V. Measurements of neutron induced fission cross sections in energy region 15<En<160 MeV for basic and applied researches. Reports Internat. Science and Technology Center, 1999, no.540.
UDC 539.173.8
Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Nuclear and Reactor Constants, 2015, issue 5:3