Sakhipgareev A.R., Shlepkin A.S., Morozov A.V.
A.I. Leypunsky Institute for Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russia
Recent concept designs of supercritical water-cooled reactors (SCWR), which are developed both in the Russian
Federation and abroad are presented in the paper. The analysis of the developed
projects of reactors with supercritical coolant parameters showed that in most
foreign countries, reactors with a thermal neutron spectrum are being designed
to solve the immediate problem – replacing light-water reactors. The big
majority of SCWR concept designs have one circulation circuit. This is due to
the fact that the single-circuit scheme of nuclear power plant (NPP) allows
abandoning steam generators and all equipment of the secondary-circuit, reducing
the specific quantity of metal by ~40–60%. It also becomes
possible to applying of the mastered serial equipment of the turbine island –
turbines and heaters, widely used in the thermal power industry in the present.
The volume of the containment is significantly reduced and, in general, the
capital costs of creating a power unit are reduced by
~20–30%, compared to existing NPPs.
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