EDN: UAPOFQ
Authors & Affiliations
Vasyaev A.V.1, Gulevich A.V.2, Dyagilev A.M.3, Egorov S.V.3, Kamaev A.A.2, Kerekesha A.V.1, Marova E.V.1, Peregudov А.А.2, Troyanov V.M.2, Shepelev S.F.1, Yashkin A.V.3
1 Afrikantov OKBM JSC, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
2 A.I. Leypunsky Institute for Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russia
3 JSC “Atomenergoproekt”, Sankt-Peterburg, Russian Federation
Vasyaev A.V. – Deputy General Director – General Designer, Chief of the BN-1200 Responsibility Centre.
Kerekesha A.V.– Head of Department.
Marova E.V. – Leader of BN R&D direction, Cand. Sci. (Tech.). Contacts: 15, Burnakovsky proyezd, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, 603074. Tel: +7 (831) 241-03-97; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Shepelev S.F. – Chief designer of BN reactor plant, Cand. Sci. (Tech.).
Gulevich A.V. – Head of reactor physics Department, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.).
Kamaev A.A. – Head of technical engineering Department, Cand. Sci. (Tech.).
Peregudov A.A. – Head of reactor safety Department, Cand. Sci. (Tech.).
Troyanov V.M. – Scientific leader, Dr. Sci. (Tech.).
Dyagilev A.M. – Chief Project Engineer.
Yegorov S.V. – Director for Science and Innovations.
Yashkin A.V. – Director for the design of advanced nuclear power plants and
special facilities – Chief of the responsibility center “Proryv”.
Abstract
To determine a structure and competitiveness level of a nuclear energy system (NES) the system investigations were conducted. The approach considered the integrated technical, economic, ecologic, infrastructure features.
It is shown that under choosing basic technologies for the NES development, it is advisable to rely not only on economic criteria, which is especially important for the medium and long-term periods of its formation. Decision-making is influenced by a large number of trends in the strategic formation of energy systems, including changes in the global market, the composition of nuclear and non-nuclear technologies.
The advantages of a two-component nuclear power plant with a closed nuclear fuel cycle over a single-component nuclear power plant with an open nuclear fuel cycle under various strategies of their development are demonstrated.
The existing structure of nuclear power plants with thermal neutron reactors and the volume of spent fuel accumulated during their operation are the driving forces of the transitional stage of the formation of the structure of a two-component NES with thermal and fast reactors. The introduction of fast reactor technologies removes the restriction on the resource base throughout the consideration depth of the development of nuclear power plants scenarios.
The closure of the NFC and the reduction of natural uranium consumption in Russia provides an opportunity for its export to the foreign market, as well as expands the potential for providing services at the final stage of the NFC for the management of SNF and RW. Reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel of foreign consumers without returning plutonium to them in the form of uranium-plutonium fuel makes it possible to increase the volume/growth rate of nuclear generation in the Russian Federation.
Keywords
fast neutron reactor with sodium coolant (BN-type reactor), BN-1200M nuclear power plant (NPP), competitiveness, construction decision, capital investments, reactor plant (RP), justification of technical solutions, research and development work (R&D work), closing of nuclear fuel cycle, main circulating pump (MCP)
Article Text (PDF, in Russian)
References
1. Energy, Electricity and Nuclear Power Estimates for the Period up to 2050. IAEA-RDS-1/40. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 2020.
2. Net Zero by 2050: A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector. International Energy Agency, June 2021.
3. Ershov V.N., Shepelev S.F. Energoblok s RU BN-1200M [Power unit with reactor plant BN-1200M]. Sbornik dokladov otraslevoy konferentsii “Zamykaniye toplivnogo tsikla yadernoy energetiki na baze reaktorov na bystrykh neytronakh” [Proc. of the Conference “Closing the fuel cycle of nuclear energy based on fast neutron reactor”]. Tomsk, October 11–12, 2018, p. 168–176.
4. Shepelev S.F. Reaktory BN v Rossii: innovatsii i kompetentsii [Reaktory BN v Rossii: innovatsii i kompetentsii]. 13-y Mezhdunarodnyy obshchestvennyy forum-dialog i vystavka “AtomEko 2019” [13th International public forum-dialogue and exhibition “AtomEco 2019”]. Hungary, 2019.
5. Lemekhov V.V. RBN dlya raboty v ZYATTS [RBN for work in the CNFC]. Otraslevaya nauchnaya konferentsiya [Industry Scientific Conference] Sochi, 2019.
6. Gulevich A.V., Dekusar V.M., Kamaev A.A. et al. Rol' bystrykh natriyevykh reaktorov v zamykanii yadernogo toplivnogo tsikla atomnoy energetiki [The role of fast sodium reactors in closing the nuclear fuel cycle of nuclear energy]. Sbornik dokladov otraslevoy konferentsii “Zamykaniye toplivnogo tsikla yadernoy energetiki na baze reaktorov na bystrykh neytronakh” [Proc. of the Conference “Closing the fuel cycle of nuclear energy based on fast neutron reactor”]. Tomsk, October 11–12, 2018, pp. 63–73.
7. Petrenko A.V. Tekushcheye sostoyaniye razrabotki promyshlennykh energokompleksov (PEK) s reaktorami na bystrykh neytronakh [Current state of development of industrial power complexes (PEC) with fast neutron reactors]. Sbornik annotatsiy dokladov otraslevoy konferentsii “Zamykaniye toplivnogo tsikla yadernoy energetiki na baze reaktorov na bystrykh neytronakh” [Proc. of the Industry Conference “Closing the Fuel Cycle of Nuclear Energy Based on Fast Neutron Reactors”]. Sochi, October 28–29, 2021, p. 16.
8. Ashurko Y.M., Gulevich A.V., Klinov D.A. et al. Gen-IV Reactor Systems Criteria Implementation in BN-1200. Atomic Energy, 2019, vol. 125, pp. 351–358. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-019-00493-6.
9. Belaya kniga yadernoy energetiki. Zamknutyy YATTS s bystrymi reaktorami, pod obshch. red. prof. Adamova Ye.O. [White Paper on Nuclear Energy. Closed nuclear fuel cycle with fast reactors. Ed. prof. Adamov E.O.]. Moscow, JSC “NIKIET” Publ., 2020. Pp. 339–374.
10. Safety of Nuclear Power Plants: Design, IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSR 2/1, 2012.
11. Safety of Nuclear Power Plants: Design, IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSR 2/1 (Rev. 1), 2016.
12. Alekseev P.N., Alekseev S.V., Andrianova E.A. et al. Dvukhkomponentnaya yadernaya energeticheskaya sistema s teplovymi i bystrymi reaktorami v zamknutom yadernom toplivnom tsikle. Pod red. Ponomareva-Stepnogo N.N. [Two-Component Nuclear Power System with Thermal and Fast Reactors in a Closed Nuclear Fuel Cycle. Ed. Ponomarev-Stepnoy N.N.]. Moscow, Tekhnosfera Publ., 2016. 160 p.
13. Babushkin S.V., Vasiliev B.A., Vasyaev A.V. et al. Reactor Installations with Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactors for Two-Component Nuclear Energy. Atomic Energy, 2020, vol. 129, pp. 8–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-021-00705-y.
14. Vasil'ev B.A., Vasyaev A.V., Gusev D.V. et al. Sovremennoye sostoyaniye proyekta RU BN-1200M [The current state of the BN-1200M reactor project]. Sbornik dokladov otraslevoy nauchno-tekhnicheskoy konferentsii “Zamykaniye toplivnogo tsikla yadernoy energetiki na baze reaktorov na bystrykh neytronakh” [Proc. of the Industry Conference “Closing the Fuel Cycle of Nuclear Energy Based on Fast Neutron Reactors”]. Sochi, October 28–29, 2021, pp. 27–36.
UDC 621.039.5
Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Nuclear and Reactor Constants, 2022, no. 4, 4:7
