EDN: FOPALG
Authors & Affiliations
Askhadullin S.R., Milinchuk V.K., Epstein N.B.
Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Obninsk, Russia
Askhadullin S.R. – Post-Graduate Student. Contacts: 1, Studgorodok, Obninsk, Kaluga region, Russia, 249040. Tel.: +7 (910) 546-56-82; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Milinchuk V.K. – Professor, Dr. Sci. (Chem.).
Epstein N.B. – Professor, Dr. Sci. (Phar.).
Abstract
To reduce corrosion of the structural material of the VVER reactor, the pH value of the coolant is maintained at a level of ~5.7. To do this, solutions of alkali metal hydroxides (lithium, sodium, potassium) and ammonia are introduced into the coolant. The article describes the study of the effect of ammonia as a corrective additive and ammonium salts as impurity molecules on the process of hydrogen formation in hydroheterogeneous compositions containing aluminum as a model reactor material. It has been established that ammonia and ammonium salts (acetate, oxalate, sulfate, chloride, carbonate, fluoride, etc.) are chemical activators of the process of hydrogen formation. Ammonium fluoride has the greatest effect on the rate of accumulation and yield of hydrogen. The kinetics of hydrogen accumulation in hydroheterogeneous compositions depends on the nature of the ammonium salt anion, the temperature of the reaction mixture, and the amount of added activator (ammonia, ammonium salt). An increase in the rate of accumulation and release of hydrogen with an increase in temperature from room temperature to 90 °C indicates the endothermic nature of the hydrogen formation reaction. The process of hydrogen accumulation includes the stage of aluminum activation as a result of removing ammonia and ammonium salts from the surface of aluminum oxide Al2O3 and the stage of hydrogen formation due to the decomposition of water by activated aluminum and dissociation products of ammonia and ammonium salts.
Keywords
water, hydrogen, hydrogen generation, accumulation hydrogen, aluminum oxide, hydroheterogenic compositions, ammonia, ammonium salts, correction additions
Article Text (PDF, in Russian)
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UDC 520.9+544(075)
Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Nuclear and Reactor Constants, 2023, no. 2, 2:15
