Ulyanov V.V., Askhadullin R.Sh., Mel'nikov V.P., Gulevskiy V.A.
A.I. Leypunsky Institute for Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russia
Various aspects of use fusions fusible metals (Pb, Pb-Bi, Bi) in the solution of technological tasks are considered. Questions of operation of the lead-bismuth coolants in transport reactors are taken up. Essential advantages of the reactors cooled by heavy liquid metal coolants in comparison with reactors with sodium or water coolants are noted. Questions of operation of the lead and lead-bismuth coolants in transport reactors are taken up. The defining contribution of domestic scientists to development of methods and control devices and maintaining of quality of the lead-bismuth coolants is revealed. The main actions realized within respect for technology of heavy liquid metal coolant in reactors facilities and research stands of the Russian Federation are given. The operations procedure at primary loading of the coolant in a contour is described. The operations procedure during the monitoring and regulation of an oxygen tension of lead-bearing coolants is listed. The defining role of hydrogen purification for accident-free operation of contours with lead and lead-bearing coolants is proved. Results of developments regarding filtration of molten metals in relation to a problem of purification heavy liquid metal coolants from nonrestorable are analyzed by hydrogen of impurity. Some directions of non-nuclear use of fusions fusible metals, including in problems of processing solid, liquid and gaseous raw materials are shown. In lead-bearing melts, it is possible to produce hydrogen at decomposition of water and oxidic conversion of hydrocarbons, an energy efficient pyrolysis of the fulfilled auto tires, realizable the concept of receiving steam from water without pre-treatment is possible.
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