EDN: FANPSE
Authors & Affiliations
Kulikov V. I.1, Popykin A. I.2, Starova N. A.2
1 Limited Liability Company “Scientific and Engineering Сentre of Safety Expertise TUK”, Saint Petersburg, Russia
2 Scientific and Engineering Сentre for Nuclear and Radiation Safety, Moscow, Russia
Kulikov V.I. – Head of Group, Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.).
Popykin A.I. – Lead Scientific Researcher, Cand. Sci. (Phys.-Math.). Contacts: 2/8, bld. 5, Malaya Krasnoselskaya st., Moscow, Russia, 107140. Tel.: +7 (499) 753-05-24; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Starova N.A. – Researcher.
Abstract
This paper discusses a method for determining the emergency protection (EP) efficiency of a VVER-1000-type reactor, both with and without the one rod of control and protection system (CPS), based on readings from two ionization chambers (ICs). The reactivity of the reactor is measured using ionization chambers, and the signal is processed by a reactimeter. The IСs used in the measurements are located diametrically opposite to each other. The values of EP efficiency corresponding to the modeling of measurements are determined as a result of processing of IС currents. Delayed at the reset on the upper limit switch rod is selected near one of the IC, which forms the corresponding signal, while the opposite IR fixes the signal corresponding to the full EP efficiency. The paper provides a formula convenient for analyzing various aspects of computational-experimental determination of the EP efficiency. As examples, the paper presents the results of numerical simulation of the EP efficiency for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd fuel campaigns of the VVER-1200 reactor, as well as a comparison with measurements made during the physical startup and the beginning of the 2nd and 3rd fuel campaigns.
Keywords
VVER, CPS, ionization chamber, efficiency of the EP, reactivity, measurement, drop, the signal of ionization chambers
Article Text (PDF, in Russian)
References
- NP-082-07. Pravila yadernoy bezopasnosti reaktornykh ustanovok atomnykh stantsiy [NP-082-07. Nuclear Safety Rules for Reactor Installations of Nuclear Power Plants]. Moscow, FBU “NTTs YaRB” Publ., 2008.
- Kazanskiy Yu.A., Matusevich Ye.S. Eksperimental'naya fizika yadernykh reaktorov. Uchebnoye posobiye [Experimental Physics of Nuclear Reactors. Textbook]. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ., 1994. 352 p.
- Keepin G.R. Physics of Nuclear Kinetics. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1965. 435 p.
- Kulikov V.I., Zhylmaganbetov N.M., Popykin A.I., Smirnova A.A. Ispol'zovaniye resheniy sopryazhonnykh zadach dlya raschota i raschotnogo modelirovaniya izmereniy bol'shikh reaktivnostey [Use of solutions of adjoint problems for calculation and computational modeling of high reactivity measurements]. Voprosy atomnoy nauki i tekhniki. Seriya: Fizika yadernykh reaktorov – Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Physics of Nuclear Reactors, 2019, issue 1, pp. 4–20.
- Popykin A., Shevchenko S., Shevchenko R., Zhylmaganbetov N., Kulikov V. Use of adjoint functions for comparing measured and calculated parameters in the subcritical systems. Proc. of the International Conference on Physics of Reactors (PHYSOR 2014) – The Role of Reactor Physics Toward a Sustainable Future. Kyoto, Japan, September 28 – October 3, 2014. Available at: https://jopss.jaea.go.jp/pdfdata/JAEA-Conf-2014-003.pdf (accessed 21.07.2025).
- Marchuk G.I. Metody raschota atomnykh reaktorov [Methods for calculating nuclear reactors]. Moscow, Atomnaya energiya Publ., 1961. 383 p.
- Bell G.I., Glesston S. Nuclear Reactor Theory. New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1970. 637 p.
- Kavun O.Yu., Taranov G.S. Programmnyy kompleks RADUGA s trekhmernoy dvukhgruppovoy model'yu aktivnoy zony, modeliruyushchiy dinamicheskiye protsessy v RU s VVER, i rezul'taty verifikatsii neytronno-fizicheskogo modulya [The RADUGA software package with a three-dimensional two-group model of the core, simulating dynamic processes in a WWER reactor plant, and the results of verification of the neutron-physical module]. V sb. Algoritmy i programmy dlya neytronno-fizicheskikh raschetov yadernykh reaktorov (Neytronika-95) [In the collection Algorithms and programs for neutron-physical calculations of nuclear reactors (Neutronics-95)]. Obninsk, October 24–26, 1995. Obninsk, FEI Publ., 1997, pp. 41–47.
- Briesmeister J.F. MCNP – A General Monte-Carlo N-Particle Transport Code. Version 4c. LA-13709-M, Los Alamos, 2000.
- Zhitnik A.K., Ivanov N.V., Marshalkin V.E., Ognev S.P., Povyshev V.M., Roslov V.I., Semenova T.V., Tarasov V.A. Programma TDMCC dlya raschotov prostranstvennoy neytronnoy dinamiki aktivnykh zon AES metodom Monte Karlo [TDMCC program for calculating spatial neutron dynamics of NPP active zones by the Monte Carlo method]. Vserossiyskiy seminar “NEYTRONIKA-2009” [All-Russian Seminar “NEUTRONICS-2009”]. Obninsk, November 1–5, 2009.
- Kulikov V.I., Zhylmaganbetov N.M., Kavun O.Yu., Popykin A.I., Smirnova A.A., Starova N.A., Shevchenko R.A., Shevchenko S.A. Computer Simulation of Measurements of VVER-1200 Emergency Protection Efficacy. At Energy, 2022, vol. 132, issue 5, pp. 263–271. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-023-00939-y.
- Zhylmaganbetov N.M., Popykin A.I., Smirnova A.A., Starova N.A., Kryakvin L.V., Denisova M.O. Rezul'taty raschotnogo modelirovaniya izmereniy effektivnosti avariynoy zashchity, provedonnykh na etape puska 2-y i 3-y toplivnykh kampaniy energobloka No. 6 Novovoronezhskoy AES [Results of calculation modeling of measurements of the effectiveness of emergency protection carried out at the start-up stage of the 2nd and 3rd fuel campaigns of power unit No. 6 of Novovoronezh NPP]. Voprosy atomnoy nauki i tekhniki. Seriya: Fizika yadernykh reaktorov – Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Physics of Nuclear Reactors, issue 2, pp. 27–33.
- Starova N.A. Vliyaniye vygoraniya aktivnoy zony reaktora tipa VVER-1000 na pokazaniya ionizatsionnykh kamer [Effect of core burnup of VVER-1000 type reactor on readings of ionization chambers]. Voprosy atomnoy nauki i tekhniki. Seriya: Yaderno-reaktornyye konstanty – Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Nuclear and Reactor Constants, 2023, issue 4, pp. 53–61.
- Kulikov V.I., Popykin A.I., Smirnova A.A., Starova N.A. Metod rascheta reaktivnosti pri sbrose or SUZ s ispol'zovaniyem pokazaniy ionizatsionnykh kamer v reaktore tipa VVER-1000 [The method for calculating reactivity during the cps dropping in VVER-1000 type reactor using of the ionization chambers]. Voprosy atomnoy nauki i tekhniki. Seriya: Yaderno-reaktornyye konstanty – Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Nuclear and Reactor Constants, 2023, issue 4, pp. 43–52.
- Kulikov V.I., Kurakin K.Yu., Semenova T.V. et al. Raschotnoye modelirovaniye izmereniy na etape fizicheskogo puska energobloka No. 1 Novovoronezhskoy AES-2 [Computational modeling of measurements at the stage of physical start-up of power unit No. 1 of Novovoronezh NPP-2]. Voprosy atomnoy nauki i tekhniki. Seriya: Fizika yadernykh reaktorov – Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Physics of Nuclear Reactors, 2018, issue 1, pp. 55–60.
UDC 621.039.51
Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Nuclear and Reactor Constants, 2025, no. 3, 3:5
