EDN: EBSPTT
Authors & Affiliations
Moseev A.L.
A.I. Leypunsky Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russia
Moseev A.L. – Senior Researcher. Contacts: 1, pl. Bondarenko, Obninsk, Kaluga region, 249033. Tel: +7 (484) 399-70-00 (add. 87-80); e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Abstract
Now, several different models of the organization of a two-component nuclear power system have been proposed in Russia. The aim of the work is to study the possibility of long-term fuel supply of a nuclear power system. The concept of fuel supply control is used. Nuclear power systems with different structural organization of generating capacities and a closed nuclear fuel cycle are considered. The main problem with modern nuclear energy is the appreciable accumulation of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive wastes from thermal reactors and the inefficient use of natural uranium. Using mathematical modeling, a comparative analysis of two-component nuclear energy system models with thermal and fast reactors was carried out. This paper presents the schematic diagrams of these models. Scenario calculations are performed with CYCLE code. A model represents a nuclear energy system with an intensive expansion of fast reactor capacity, using all available plutonium for their startup, followed by a gradual conversion to a single-component model using only fast reactors. An alternative model is a two-component nuclear energy system with thermal and fast reactors operating in a closed nuclear fuel cycle, where the spent nuclear fuel stocks of all types of reactors are completely processed during the considered time interval and all the excess separated plutonium is used to manufacture MOX fuel. Presented, that alternative model, based on technologies of fast and advanced thermal reactors, can more flexibly solve the main problems of current nuclear power. The results of simulation of nuclear fuel cycle scenarios for the considered two-component nuclear energy system and the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed approaches to closure the nuclear fuel cycle are presented.
Keywords
sodium fast reactors, nuclear fuel cycle, nuclear energy system, plutonium composition, plutonium balance management, spent nuclear fuel, modeling, breeding ratio, MOX fuel, minor actinides, recycling
Article Text (PDF, in Russian)
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